????:???
????:Learning networks in practice(Becta,PDF??)
????:Stephen Downes,??????????
? ?:Dabby, Rita, Danny
? ?:Paula
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???????(LMS)???????????????,??????????????web2.0??????????????????????????(PLE,personal learning environmens)??PLE ?Web2.0???????:???????????,??????????,????????????????????????????,???????Web2.0?????(learning network)????????????;??????????????,????????????????

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????????,???????????????????????????,???????????e-learning?????,??ELGG (??)??????????,?????????????????????????????(PLE)????????,???????Web2.0???????????????

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Web2.0?????????????e-learning2.0???,?Stephen O?Hear??,??????????,??:????????,e-learning??????????????????????????????????,e-learning???????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????????,????????????,e-learning?????,???????????,??????(??)????,??????????????????????,????????????O?Hear???:

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???e-learning??????????????????????????????????????,????????????????,e-learning 2.0 ??????????(small pieces, loosely joined)???,???????????????????(??????????????)????????????????

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????,PLE???????????????,??CETIS?Scott Wilson????Future VLE??(????)??????Colin Milligan (JISC) ??,PLEs????????????(???????????????)????????,???????????????,?????????????,???????????????????????(??)PLE???????????????????????????????????????,??????????,?????;??,?????????????????????????????PLE?????????????,??????????????,?????????????,????????????????

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Mark van Harmelen??,PLEs???????????:??,???????e-learning???????????,??,????????e-learning??????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????(??)

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??????,LMS?????????????????????,PLE???????,???PLE???????,???????e-learning??????????????????,Graham Attwell??,???,??????ELGG?????,?????????????,?????????????,??,PLE??????????????????(??)

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???,??PLE????????????????,?????????????,?????Web2.0??????????Attwell???,?????????????????????????,?????????????????

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PLE????????????,????Web2.0????????,????????LMS???????????

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?????,????????????????????(Communities of Practices,CoPs)????????,?????????????????????????,????????,??????????????????(??)

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???,???????????????????,???????????????????????,???????(???????)???????,??????????(??),??????,??????????????????????,??????????,??????????--?????????????(??8)??

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????,????????,??????????????????????????????????????????Web2.0??,???????????,??????????????????????????????,???????????,?????????,???????,?????????????????

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??,??Web2.0?????????????????????????,???????????????????????????,?????????????,????????????????,???????????????????????,?????????????????????????

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????(IM)????????????????????????????IM??,???ICQ?AIM?YIM,??MSN,????????????(????????????)??????????????????????, IM????,??????????????????????????????????????????,???????????,???????????? (P2P)???P2P??????? Gnutella?Kaaza,?????IM??,??????????????????????

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????????????????????????????,Skype??????????????????????Skype?????????,???????Skype???????????,??????IM???AIM?????Skype????????

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????????????????,???????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????:????????????,??????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????Hegal?Armstrong???(??9:Net Gain: Expanding markets through virtual communities, (1997) Harvard Business School Press):???????????,?????????????? ??,????????????????????????
???,???????????? ???????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????? ??,????????Mark Granovetter????????(??:Mark Granovetter, ?The Strength of Weak Ties: A Network Theory Revisited?, Sociological Theory, Volume 1 (1983), pp. 201-233.)?????????????????????????????????????,????????? ??????,????????????????,????????????

??????????????????,????????????????????????????,?????????????????,????????,????????????????????,??????????????,???????,???????????????Web2.0???,?????????,??????????

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??,????

????LMS?????????,????????,?????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????George Siemens??,?????????????,???????????????????????,LMS??????????(??:GeorgeSiemens (2006), ?Learning or Management System A Review of LearningManagement System Reviews?,Learning Technologies Centre)??????????????????????,???????????????,????????????????????????????????????????

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???????????????????????(??)???????????????????????????Google?????????????????????????????,??????????,??Slashdot, Metafilter?Digg?????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??Drupal?Plone?PostNuke? Scoop,?????????????????????,?Moodle,???EdNA ????????

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?????????????????,????????????,?????????????,????????????,????????????????????,???????????????????,??????????????????????????????:???????,???????off-list??????????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????????????

???????,????,????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????Blogger ? LiveJournal???,????????????????????????Moveable Type???????????????(??:MoveableType???????????),?WordPress??????????????(??:?????WordPress??)?

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,LiveJournal?????????????????????????Friendster?Tribe?Orkut?Yahoo 360,?????????????,???????????????????????????,????MySpace???????????,??????????????MySpace????????????????MySpace ???????Bebo?Facebook??????????????????

???????????????web2.0??????????????????,???????????????,????--????,????????????Flickr(??:??,??????????????Flickr??????)??????????,???????????????????????????????????,?Audacity,??MP3????????,??????Audioblogs?Odeo??iPodder?????,????????????????????????????skype??,?????????????????????????????,?????????????????YouTube,??????????MySpace??????????????????????????????,?????????Jotspot (????????)?Writely(?????????)?Gliffy(??????) ?Jumpcut (??????)?(??:Jotspot?Writely???Google????,????????????,??????Google?????)

???,???????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????,????????????? ?

PLE????????--?????????????--??????????????????????????,??????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(Graham Attwell)(??12)